Bite Problems Linked to Headaches in Children and Adolescents

Headaches are frequently the most reported symptoms of TMD (temporomanibular disorder) in children and adolescents. The correlation between recurrent tension-type headaches, TMD, and tenderness to palpation of the jaw muscles has been well established. This supports the theory that recurrent headache disorders in children and adolescents are most often of the muscle tension/contraction type.

Studies have shown that Overbite, overjet, and posterior crossbite showed significant associations with increased risk for headaches. The combination of all three of these occlusal (bite) factors increased the risk even more.
After excluding patients with known migraine headaches (diagnosed), neurological disorders, trauma-related conditions, and other possible disorders related to the head and neck, the recurrent, tension-type headache was targeted in children and adolescents. The occlusal factors found to have a statistically significant relationship to headaces are similar to those for TMD. These include:

• unilateral posterior crossbite









• anterior open bite









• overjet greater than 6 mm.









Headaches have also been strongly correlated to oral functional habits such as clenching, grinding, nail biting, and lip or cheek biting.

The tension type of headache is the most common, and it has the most damaging socioeconomic effect on the general population of any health disorder and also has a profound impact on the quality of life for children and adolescents.

The American Association of Orthodontists recommends an initial screening by age seven. This gives Dr. Bhatia the best chance to guide jaw growth and correct harmful oral habits.